History of the Pomeranian Breed The Pomeranian is actually a member of the spitz family �?and the smallest one at that. There is no precise knowledge as to where or when the Pomeranian was bred down in size. The breed was developed in the Prussian region of Pomerania. The Pomeranian’s most probable ancestor is the Deutscher spitz. It was not called the Pomeranian until it was introduced in England. These Pomeranians did not look like the dogs we know today. A lot of them were white and weighed as much as 30 pounds. The Japanese spitz probably descended from this early Pomeranian and bears a striking resemblance to it as well. The breed was recognized by the English Kennel Club in 1870. The popularity was slow to take until Queen Victoria became interested in the breed and began to show it. In fact, Queen Victoria is believed to have been a great influence in the breed’s eventual smaller size, since she preferred the smaller specimens. By 1900, the breed was recognized by the AKC. Breeders began paying special attention to the coat creating the “puff ball�?appearance. The average size today is four to five pounds. The breed is very intelligent and learns tricks readily, making it an efficient circus dog. It is very loving and makes a great companion and watchdog. Size and Appearance of the Pomeranian The Pomeranian is a compact, square-proportioned toy dog with a distinct fluffy coat. It possesses spitz characteristics such as small ears, a double coat, and a curled tail. Its ears are pointed and upright. Its plumed tail lies flat on its short back. The Pomeranian can resemble a fox in the face, however some dogs have a baby doll face. Either way, the breed displays an alert and intelligent expression and proudly holds its head with an upward gaze. The Pomeranian has a soft undercoat with an abundant, rough outer coat that stands off from its body. In addition to the feathered tail, it has a thick ruff of fur on its neck that gives the breed its familiar look. Solid colors are usually red, orange, white or cream, blue, brown or black. Black and white shadings are considered faults. It also comes in white with colored markings such as black and tan. Pomeranian Temperament The Pomeranian is an active little dog that is outgoing, curious and confident to the point of being cocky. It is playful and smart, but can be too demanding and may not obey commands if not properly trained. It makes a great watchdog, but must be trained not to bark excessively. It becomes nervous around young children and may bite. It makes a great companion for seniors and seems to be made for the show ring. It is unlike other toy dogs and also tends to be a picky eater. The Pomeranian has such a lively spirit that its owners are completely enamored with their companion pets. Pomeranian Recommended Maintenance This little dog requires daily grooming, especially brushing its long coat to prevent matting. Some recommend starting at the head and brushing the long hair forward. It is a lengthy job, however the hair should fall nicely into place making it fairly simple. Bathe once a month, clean its eyes and ears, and brush its teeth on a regular basis. The Pomeranians soft undercoat sheds once or twice a year, however its outer coat sheds continuously. As such a small breed that remains active, little additional exercise is required. A short walk or indoor game is all that is necessary to keep this toy dog in shape. The Pomeranian is suited for all environments �?from an apartment to a farm. It is a very sociable breed and would get lonely if left to live outside. In hot weather, it can become overheated. Pomeranian Health �?Life span: 12 �?16 years
�?Major concerns: patellar luxation
�?Minor concerns: open fontanel, hypoglycemia, shoulder luxation, PRA, entropion
�?Occasionally seen: tracheal collapse, PDA
�?Suggested tests: knee, eye, (cardiac)
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