Rip currents are the major cause of swimmer difficulties.  The main cause of rip currents is surf and often rip current patterns can be seen when the the observer is elevated some height above the surf zone. The diagram below shows a rip pattern within the surf zone. Water fed in by the surf surge has to return (to maintain level) via the feeder, and this creates the rip head.

 

 

 

If caught in a rip:

1.  Dont panic,  remain calm

2. If tired or limited swimming ability ride with the rip and raise your arm to signal the you need assistance.

3. Float on your back if this is easier.

4. If you are able , swim to the edge of the rip so that you enter the surge zone and this will assist your swim to shore

5.  Remember to stay between surf-lifesaving flags on the beach, thats why they are there.