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European History : cyprus
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 Message 1 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN Nicknamegermannagla  (Original Message)Sent: 7/31/2005 8:26 AM
Cyprus :
 
When the Assyrian Emire finally broke up at the end of 7th c B.C.   Egypt under the scite Dynasty became the predominant power in the eastern Mediterranean. 
 
Inabout 569 B.C. the Cypriot Kingdoms recognized the Pharoah Ahmos II as their overlord.  In 525 B.C.  the Cypriot kings transferred their alliance to the Achaemenid (Persian) ocnquerers of Egypt.  Durinf Reign of Alexander he allowed Cypriot kingdoms to continue but took from them the right of coinage.  After him Ptolemy I of Egypt made the island a province of his Egyptian kingdom.
 
     Cyprus was annexed by Roman Republic in 58 BC. ,  and made a Roman city ,  briefly retroceded to Cleopatra VII of Egypt, but after the battle of Actium  31 BC became a Roman possession again   ( administered as part of the emperial province of Syria)  but became separate senatorial province 22 BC.
 
After the demise of Roman Empire 395AD.  Cyprus remained subject to the eastern empire at Constantinople.
 
In 688 Cyprus became Moslem under Caliph AbdelMalik  .  In  965 AD. Emperor Neciphorus attached Cyprus for Byzantines.   And in 1185 it was seized by Richard I  who attacked it on a crusade and massacred its inhabitants.  He then sold it to Guy of Lusignan,  the disposed king of  Jerusalem. 

In 1426 Egypt overran the island  which from then on paid tribute to Cairo.
Then Venetians attacked it and it became Venetian possession for 82 years until regained by the Ottomans.
 
In 1878 Britain occupied Cyprus.   Convention between Britain and Ottomans  left Cyprus under Turkish rule but administered by British government.
In 1914 Britain and Turkey were at war.  Britain  annexed Cyprus.
After 1924 Cyprus was made crown colony.  The British government  offered the island to Greece 12 months later  and encouraged Greek immigrants to the island but the offer was lapsed when Greece  declined it.
 
 During World war II,  pack transport, pioneer, motor transport and other units were raised  in Cyprus by voluntary investment .  These men served in France  , the middle east, Britain and Italy.   
 
After the war patriarch Makarias leader of the orthodox church emerged as the leader of  movement for enosis (union) with Greece   vol. 6  p.934.
 
   The compaign grew more violent, attempts to smuggle arms from abroad and nationalists from metropolitan Greece raised  their voices in encouragement of the malcontents.
Many Moslem villages were attacked and its inhabitants retreated north.

Encyclopedia Britannica  -Cyprus�?/U> p.899 
 

 


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 Message 2 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN NicknamePDQuestSent: 8/2/2005 6:00 AM
In the 1960s  the power struggle  continued between the Greeks and Turks living on Cyprus.  Since both nations were member of NATO this put the USA in an awkward position.   Also, it was the time of the Cold War and the USA did not want anything  to weaken American strength in the Mediterranean.  
 
In the early 1970s, Turkey invaded the island of Cyprus and partitioned it between the Turks and the Greeks.  The Turks have been critisized for invading an "independent state",  but the fact is, they put an end to the Cyprus crises.     

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 Message 3 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN NicknameMarkGB5Sent: 8/2/2005 7:05 PM
As part of Turkey's negiotations to join the EU they have had to recognize the legitimacy of the Cypriot government in the south of the island. This is the first time they've done this since they invaded and occupied the northern part in 1974. 

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 Message 4 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN NicknameWindSkatha1Sent: 8/2/2005 11:58 PM
Interesting. Are the Cypriots in the south satisfied with this or do they want to reunite the island?

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 Message 5 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN NicknameMarkGB5Sent: 8/3/2005 11:14 AM
I read somewhere there are more troops per square mile on Cyprus than anywhere else in the world. The southern Cypriots want their country reunited as it was before 1974. Turkey is the only country to recognise the northern half as an independent nation. For the rest of the world it's an illegal occupation of a sovereign state, hence the number of UN and British troops along the border between the two halves.  

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 Message 6 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN NicknameArnie-113Sent: 8/3/2005 2:43 PM
Mark
 
There are only two British units of battalion size in the Greek part of the island (south) the Greek cypriots have quite sizable militia and of course the UN have troops whitch I think at present are Argentinians,
 
the North is a different matter there is a divison of Turkish regular troops plus a Turkish National Guard so I supose it has got more troops per square mile but they are well hidden you dont see that many.
 
Arnie

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 Message 7 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN NicknameMartianBeerPigSent: 8/4/2005 4:12 AM
Wasn't there recently a referendum on both sides of the island where the Turkish side voted for reunification and the Greek side voted against.  Put the cat amongst the pidgeons.  For years everyone believed it was the other way around.

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 Message 8 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN Nicknamerabbibnw1Sent: 8/4/2005 12:17 PM
Mark:
 
    If I remember right, the Greeks and the Turks have divided Cyprus between them for centuries, even since the Ottoman Turks were able to successfully invade and conquer the northern part of the island in the 16th century.  I also remember constant fighting between Greeks and Turks on the island back in the 1960s, which led the United Nations to establish a permanent peacekeeping force on the island in the first place.
 
    Like all historic arguments, this is another one that goes back centuries.  At least this time--or at least since the 1970s--both sides are talking to each other instead of constantly trying to kill each other.
 
Rabbi.

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 Message 9 of 9 in Discussion 
From: MSN Nicknamerabbibnw1Sent: 8/4/2005 12:20 PM
Planets:
 
    As I recall, since the late 1970s, there have been at least two pleblicites on Cyrprus on reunification, both of which were under the auspices of the United Nations.  I believe the results were that the majority of both sides turned down the idea.  However, since at least the mid-1970s, diplomatic, commercial, cultural, and educational ties and exchanges have been increasing.  Such things take time.
 
Rabbi.

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