| Abgal | Seven wise-men and the attending deities of the god Enki. |
| Adrammelech | Babylonian god (possibly of the sun) to whom babies were burned in sacrifice. |
| Aja | Babylonian sun goddess. |
| Akkan | Four Saami goddesses who overseeconception, birth and destiny. |
| Alauwaimis | Demon which drives away evil sickness. |
| Ama-arhus | Babylonian and Akkadian fertility goddess. |
| Amurru | Akkadian god of mountains and nomads. |
| An | Summerian god of heaven. |
| Anatu | Goddess of the earth and sky. |
| Antu | Summerian goddess of creation. Later replaced by Ishtar. |
| Anu | Summerian and Babylonian god of the sky, father of the gods and most powerful deity of the pantheon. |
| Anunitu | Babylonian goddess of the moon. She was later merged with Ishtar. |
| Apsu | Summerian and Akkadian god of the primordial sweet waters - as opposed to the primordial bitter waters of Chaos. |
| Arazu | Babylonian god of completed construction. |
| Aruru | Babylonian goddess of creation. |
| Ashnan | Summerian goddess of grain. |
| Aya | Goddess of dawn. |
| Baal | God of the sun and crop fertility, widely venerated throughout the Fertile Crescent and the Middle East. |
| Baba | Tutelary goddess of the kings of Sumer, and a goddess of motherhood and healing. |
| Babbar | Sumerian sun god. Equatedwith the Babylonian Shamash. |
| Belet-Ili | Summerian goddess of the womb. |
| Beletseri | Akkadian 'clerk' of the Underworld, who kept records of human activities so that she could advise on their final judgment after death. She is called Queen of the Desert. |
| Dagon | vegetation and fertility god. |
| Damgalnunna | Mother goddess. |
| Dumuzi | Summerian form of Tammuz, a god of vegetation, fertility and the Underworld. Possibly the husband of Inanna. |
| Ea | Summerian and Babylonian god of sweet waters, he is the patron of wisdom, magic and medical science. |
| Ebeh | Summerian mountain god. |
| Ellil | Akkadian form of the god Enlil. God of wind and earth. |
| Enmesarra | God of the underworld and the lord of mes - the power underlying society and civilization. |
| Ennugi | God of irrigation and canals. |
| Ereshkigal | Summerian and Akkadian goddess of the dead. She is dark and violent, and possibly was once a sky goddess. |
| Erra | God of war, death and other disasters. |
| Gibil | Summerian god of light and fire. |
| Girru | Akkadian god of light and fire. He is the messenger of the gods. |
| Gula | Summerian goddess of healing. |
| Humbaba | God of the cedar forest. |
| Inanna | The most important of the Summerian divinities, she is the goddess of love, fertility and war. Her symbol is the eight-pointed star. |
| Irkalla | See Ereshkigal. |
| Isara | Goddess of oaths and queen of judgment. |
| Ishkhara | Babylonian goddess of love. |
| Ishkur | Summerian god of storms and rain. |
| Ishtar | Violent Summerian and Babylonian goddess of love and fertility. She had a habit of attracting lovers and then killing or maiming them. |
| Kaksisa | God of the star Sirius. |
| Ki | Goddess of the earth. |
| Kulitta | Goddess of music. |
| Kulla | The Babylonian god who restores temples. |
| Kusag | God who is high priest of the gods, the patron od priests in Babylonia. |
| Lahar | Summerian god of cattle and sheep. |
| Lamastu | Demon who causes fever and childhood diseases. |
| Mama | Mother goddess. |
| Mamitu | Akkadian goddess of fate and judgment in the Underworld. |
| Mammetu | Babylonian goddess of fate and destiny. |
| Marduk | God of thunderstorms, fertility, and the supreme leader of the gods after defeating Tiamat. Later known as Bel or Baal. |
| Martu | God of destruction by storms and of the steppes. |
| Mummu | Summerian and Babylonian god of craftsmen and technical skill. |
| Mylitta | Babylonian and Assyrian goddess of fertility and childbirth. |
| Nabu | Summerian and Babylonian god of knowledge, writing, and scribe of the gods. |
| Nammu | Summerian goddess of the sea. |
| Namtar | God of the Summerian underworld and the bringer of disease and pestilence to humans. |
| Nanaja | Summerian and Akkadian goddess of sex and war. |
| Nanna | Summerian god of the moon. Equivalent to Babylonian god Sin. |
| Nanshe | Goddess of fertility and water, she was the patron of dreams and prophecy. |
| Nergal | Evil god of the underworld who brings sickness, fear and war on mankind. He is the consort of the death-goddess Ereshkigal. |
| Nidaba | Summerian goddess of learning. |
| Nin-agal | God of smiths. |
| Ninatta | Goddess of music. |
| Ninazu | Babylonian god of magic incantations. |
| Ninedinna | Babylonian goddess of the books of the dead. |
| Ningirsu | Summerian and Babylonian god of rain, fertility and irrigation. |
| Ningizzida | God of healing and magic. Sometimes pictured as a serpent with a human head. |
| Ninhursag | See Ki. |
| Ninkarrak | Goddess of healing. |
| Ninkasi | Summerian goddess of intoxicating drinks, and beer in particular. |
| Ninlil | Goddess of heaven and earth, known as the wind. |
| Nintur | Akkadian goddess of birth. |
| Ninurta | God of rain, fertility, thunderstorms, the plow, floods, wells, and the south wind. |
| Nisaba | Babylonian and Summerian goddess of grain and learning. |
| Nusku | Summerian god of light and fire. |
| Papsukkel | Minister and messenger of the Summerian gods. |
| Rimmon | Babylonian god of storms. |
| Salbatanu | God of the planet Mars. |
| Samuqan | God of cattle. |
| Sataran | Divine judge and healer. |
| Shamash | Summerian god of the sun, judge and law-giver of the people. He is the husband of Ishtar. |
| Shulpae | God of feasting. |
| Shutu | God of illness and the South Wind. |
| Sibzianna | Summerian god of the star Orion. |
| Siduri | Goddess of wine-making and brewing. |
| Sin | Summerian god of the moon, the calendar, and the fixed seasons. |
| Sulpa'e | God of fertility, wild animals and the planet Jupiter. |
| Tammuz | Akkadian vegetation god and the symbol of death and rebirth in nature. The 'corn king' of Wiccan worship. |
| Tiamat | Dragon-goddess of the primordial waters of Chaos, seen as a great salt sea. Also the enemy of the gods. |
| Umunmutamku | Babylonian deiety who presents offerings to the gods after they have been made by humans. |
| Uttu | Summerian spider-goddess of weaving and clothing. |
| Zakar | Babylonian god of dreams as messages from the gods. |