MSN Home  |  My MSN  |  Hotmail
Sign in to Windows Live ID Web Search:   
go to MSNGroups 
Free Forum Hosting
 
Important Announcement Important Announcement
The MSN Groups service will close in February 2009. You can move your group to Multiply, MSN’s partner for online groups. Learn More
DavidStClair2[email protected] 
  
What's New
  
  Members Please Read  
  SITE RULES  
  View All Posts  
  GROUP FOCUS  
  Our Sister Site  
  ♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊�?/A>  
  Welcomes  
  Messages  
  General  
  SITE SEARCH  
  Translation Page  
    
    
  Links  
  ♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊♦◊�?/A>  
  Alchemy  
  Ancient Civiliza  
  Angels  
  Art  
  Ascension  
  Astral Travel  
  Astrology  
  Astronomy  
  Black Magic  
  Blavatsky  
  Books  
  Brain Waves  
  Buddhism  
  Chakras & Auras  
  Channeling  
  Cimarrones  
  Civilizations  
  Clairvoyance  
  Crop Circles  
  Crystals/Stones  
  David St. Clair  
  Dictionary  
  Divination  
  Dowsing  
  Dragons  
  Dreams  
  Energy  
  EFT Board  
  Empathy  
  Environment  
  Faeries  
  Fantasy  
  Feng Shui  
  Godz & Goddesses  
  Graphics & Snags  
  Ground/Sheilding  
  Health  
  Herbs  
  History  
  Humor/Games  
  I Ching  
  Illuminaughty  
  Inspirational  
  Kabbalah  
  KOMBAT  
  LOVE  
  Mailboxes  
  Masons  
  MATRIX  
  Meditation  
  Moorish Science  
  Money  
  Movies  
  Music and Lyrics  
  Natal Charts  
  NA Indian Board  
  Numerology  
  Oils  
  Pagan Board  
  PC Tips  
  Pictures  
  Poetry  
  Politics  
  Power Grids  
  Practice Reading  
  Paranormal  
  Prayer Circle  
  Prophecy  
  Psychology & NLP  
  Quotes  
  Radionics  
  Religions  
  Recipes  
  Reincarnation  
  RobertBruceBaird  
  Sacred Geometry  
  Science  
  Seth Materials  
  Spirituality  
  UFOs  
  Unsolved Mysteri  
  Videos  
  Water  
  Websets  
  Weirdness  
  Witchcraft  
  Words Of Power  
  Workshops  
  Writing  
  Yoga  
  
  
  Tools  
 
History : Code Talkers
Choose another message board
 
     
Reply
 Message 1 of 2 in Discussion 
From: MSN NicknameEerie7  (Original Message)Sent: 9/20/2006 4:50 AM

Code talkers were Native American soldiers who transmitted secret messages over radio or telephone using codes based on their native languages. The name refers chiefly to Navajo language speakers in special units in the Pacific Theater of World War II. However, the Choctaw language, Comanche language, and other languages were also used, beginning in World War I. In World War II the military (particularly the US Marines) used Navajo speakers for the first time.

The Navajo code did not consist of merely speaking Navajo over a battlefield radio or wired link, but rather the code talkers developed several letter substitution codes in which each letter of an English message was converted to an English word starting with that letter, and then the Navajo translation of that word would be transmitted. In this way, anything expressible in English could, if necessary, be spelled out. For efficiency, a codebook was also developed for many relevant words and concepts.

A codetalker message would consist of some plain Navajo language, some code words (also in Navajo, but with special coded meaning), and, if necessary, some spelled out English words (with each letter being represented by a preselected Navajo word). To an ordinary Navajo speaker, the entire 'conversation' would have been quite incomprehensible. See the link at the end of the article to see the now-declassified codebook. The codetalkers memorized all these variations, and practiced their rapid use under stressful conditions.

The Japanese never cracked the spoken code, and high military officers have stated that the United States would never have won the Battle of Iwo Jima without the secrecy afforded by the code talkers. The codetalkers received no recognition until the declassification of the operation in 1968. In 1982, the code talkers were given a Certificate of Recognition by President Reagan, who also named August 14 "National Code Talkers Day."

Native American languages were chosen for several reasons. Most importantly, speakers of these languages were available inside the United States, and unavailable outside. In addition, the languages were virtually unknown outside the US. Hitler did know about the successful use of codetalkers during World War I, and sent a team of some thirty anthropologists to learn native American languages before the outbreak of World War II. However it proved too difficult to learn all the many languages and dialects that existed. Because of the German attempts to learn the languages, codetalkers were not assigned in large numbers to the European Theater.

Furthermore, an unfamiliar spoken human language is harder to crack than a code based on a familiar language. The languages chosen had little written literature, so even researching them was difficult for nonspeakers. In addition, nonspeakers would find it extremely difficult to accurately distinguish unfamiliar sounds used in these languages. Also, many grammar structures in these languages are quite different from any the enemies would be expected to know, adding another layer of incomprehensibility. In addition, a speaker who used the language all his life sounds distinctly different from a person who learned it in adulthood, thus reducing the chance of successful imposters sending false messages. Finally, the additional layer of an alphabet cypher was added to prevent interception by native speakers not trained as codetalkers, in the event of their capture by the Japanese.

The Navajo spoken code is not very complex by cryptographic standards, and would likely have been broken if a native speaker and trained cryptographers worked together effectively. The Japanese had an opportunity to do so when they captured Joe Kieyoomia in the Philippines in 1942. Kieyoomia, a Navajo Sergeant in the U.S. Army, was ordered to interpret the radio messages. They made no sense to him, and when he reported that he could not understand the messages, his captors tortured him. Given the simplicity of the alphabet code involved, it is probable that the code could have been broken easily if Kieyoomia's knowledge had been exploited more effectively by Japanese cryptographers.

The 2002 action film, Windtalkers starring Nicolas Cage, Adam Beach and Jason Isaacs, was based on the Navajo code talker operation of WWII, although it is not entirely historically accurate.

http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq61-4.htm



First  Previous  2 of 2  Next  Last 
Reply
 Message 2 of 2 in Discussion 
From: MSN NicknameEerie7Sent: 9/20/2006 5:04 AM

Navajo Code Talkers' Dictionary

REVISED AS OF 15 JUNE 1945
(DECLASSIFIED UNDER DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DIRECTIVE 5200.9)

ALPHABET NAVAJO WORD LITERAL TRANSLATION

A WOL-LA-CHEE ANT

A BE-LA-SANA APPLE

A TSE-NILL AXE

B NA-HASH-CHID BADGER

B SHUSH BEAR

B TOISH-JEH BARREL

C MOASI CAT

C TLA-GIN COAL

C BA-GOSHI COW

D BE DEER

D CHINDI DEVIL

D LHA-CHA-EH DOG

E AH-JAH EAR

E DZEH ELK

E AH-NAH EYE

F CHUO FIR

F TSA-E-DONIN-EE FLY

F MA-E FOX

G AH-TAD GIRL

G KLIZZIE GOAT

G JEHA GUM

H TSE-GAH HAIR

H CHA HAT

H LIN HORSE

I TKIN ICE

I YEH-HES ITCH

I A-CHI INTESTINE

J TKELE-CHO-G JACKASS

J AH-YA-TSINNE JAW

J YIL-DOI JERK

K JAD-HO-LONI KETTLE

K BA-AH-NE-DI-TININ KEY

K KLIZZIE-YAZZIE KID

L DIBEH-YAZZIE LAMB

L AH-JAD LEG

L NASH-DOIE-TSO LION

M TSIN-TLITI MATCH

M BE-TAS-TNI MIRROR

M NA-AS-TSO-SI MOUSE

N TSAH NEEDLE

N A-CHIN NOSE

O A-KHA OIL

O TLO-CHIN ONION

O NE-AHS-JAH OWL

P CLA-GI-AIH PANT

P BI-SO-DIH PIG

P NE-ZHONI PRETTY

Q CA-YEILTH QUIVER

R GAH RABBIT

R DAH-NES-TSA RAM

R AH-LOSZ RICE

S DIBEH SHEEP

S KLESH SNAKE

T D-AH TEA

T A-WOH TOOTH

T THAN-ZIE TURKEY

U SHI-DA UNCLE

U NO-DA-IH UTE

V A-KEH-DI-GLINI VICTOR

W GLOE-IH WEASEL

X AL-NA-AS-DZOH CROSS

Y TSAH-AS-ZIH YUCCA

Z BESH-DO-TLIZ ZINC

 

NAMES OF VARIOUS

ORGANIZATIONS NAVAJO WORD LITERAL TRANSLATION

CORPS DIN-NEH-IH CLAN

DIVISION ASHIH-HI SALT

REGIMENT TABAHA EDGE WATER

BATTALION TACHEENE RED SOIL

COMPANY NAKIA MEXICAN

PLATOON HAS-CLISH-NIH MUD

SECTION YO-IH BEADS

SQUAD DEBEH-LI-ZINI BLACK SHEEP

OFFICERS

COMMANDING GEN. BIH-KEH-HE (G) WAR CHIEF

MAJOR GEN. SO-NA-KIH TWO STAR

BRIGADIER GEN. SO-A-LA-IH ONE STAR

COLONEL ATSAH-BESH-LE-GAI SILVER EAGLE

LT. COLONEL CHE-CHIL-BE-TAH-BESH-LEGAI SILVER OAK LEAF

MAJOR CHE-CHIL-BE-TAH-OLA GOLD OAK LEAF

CAPTAIN BESH-LEGAI-NAH-KIH TWO SILVER BARS

LIEUTENANT BESH-LEGAI-A-LAH-IH ONE SILVER BAR

COMMANDING OFFICER HASH-KAY-GI-NA-TAH WAR CHIEF

EXECUTIVE OFFICER BIH-DA-HOL-NEHI THOSE IN CHARGE

NAMES OF COUNTRIES

AFRICA ZHIN-NI BLACKIES

ALASKA BEH-HGA WITH WINTER

AMERICA NE-HE-MAH OUR MOTHER

AUSTRALIA CHA-YES-DESI ROLLED HAT

BRITAIN TOH-TA BETWEEN WATERS

CHINA CEH-YEHS-BESI BRAIDED HAIR

FRANCE DA-GHA-HI BEARD

GERMANY BESH-BE-CHA-HE IRON HAT

ICELAND TKIN-KE-YAH ICE LAND

INDIA AH-LE-GAI WHITE CLOTHES

ITALY DOH-HA-CHI-YALI-TCHI STUTTER

JAPAN BEH-NA-ALI-TSOSIE SLANT EYE

PHILIPPINE KE-YAH-DA-NA-LHE FLOATING ISLAND

RUSSIA SILA-GOL-CHI-IH RED ARMY

SOUTH AMERICA SHA-DE-AH-NE-HI-MAH SOUTH OUR MOTHER

SPAIN DEBA-DE-NIH SHEEP PAIN

NAMES OF AIRPLANES

PLANES WO-TAH-DE-NE-IH AIR FORCE

DIVE BOMBER GINI CHICKEN HAWK

TORPEDO PLANE TAS-CHIZZIE SWALLOW

OBS. PLAN NE-AS-JAH OWL

FIGHTER PLANE DA-HE-TIH-HI HUMMING BIRD

BOMBER PLANE JAY-SHO BUZZARD

PATROL PLANE GA-GIH CROW

TRANSPORT ATSAH EAGLE

NAMES OF SHIPS

SHIPS TOH-DINEH-IH SEA FORCE

BATTLESHIP LO-TSO WHALE

AIRCRAFT TSIDI-MOFFA-YE-HI BIRD CARRIER

SUBMARINE BESH-LO IRON FISH

MINE SWEEPER CHA BEAVER

DESTROYER CA-LO SHARK

TRANSPORT DINEH-NAY-YE-HI MAN CARRIER

CRUISER LO-TSO-YAZZIE SMALL WHALE

MOSQUITO BOAT TSE-E MOSQUITO

NAMES OF MONTHS

JANUARY ATSAH-BE-YAZ SMALL EAGLE

FEBRUARY WOZ-CHEIND SQUEEKY VOICE

MARCH TAH-CHILL SMALL PLANT

APRIL TAH-TSO BIG PLANT

MAY TAH-TSOSIE SMALL PLANT

JUNE BE-NE-EH-EH-JAH-TSO BIG PLANTING

JULY BE-NE-TA-TSOSIE SMALL HARVEST

AUGUST BE-NEEN-TA-TSO BIG HARVEST

SEPTEMBER GHAW-JIH HALF

OCTOBER NIL-CHI-TSOSIE SMALL WIND

NOVEMBER NIL-CHI-TSO BIG WIND

DECEMBER YAS-NIL-TES CRUSTED SNOW

VOCABULARY

WORD NAVAJO LITERAL TRANSACTION

ABANDON YE-TSAN RUN AWAY FROM

ABOUT WOLA-CHI-A-MOFFA-GAHN ANT FIGHT

ABREAST WOLA-CHEE-BE-YIED ANT BREAST

ACCOMPLISH UL-SO ALL DONE

ACCORDING BE-KA-HO ACCORDING TO

ACKNOWLEDGE HANOT-DZIED ACKNOWLEDGE

ACTION AH-HA-TINH PLACE OF ACTION

ACTIVITY AH-HA-TINH-Y ACTION ENDING IN Y

ADEQUATE BEH-GHA ENOUGH

ADDITION IH-HE-DE-NDEL ADDITION

ADDRESS YI-CHIN-HA-TSE ADDRESS

ADJACENT BE-GAHI NEAR

ADJUST HAS-TAI-NEL-KAD ADJUST

ADVANCE NAS-SEY AHEAD

ADVISE NA-NETIN ADVISE

AERIAL BE-ZONZ STINGER

AFFIRMATIVE LANH AFFIRMATIVE

AFTER BI-KHA-DI (A) AFTER

AGAINST BE-NA-GNISH AGAINST

AID EDA-ELE-TSOOD AID

AIR NILCHI AIR

AIRDOME NILCHI-BEGHAN AIRDOME

ALERT HA-IH-DES-EE ALERT

ALL TA-A-TAH (A) ALL

ALLIES NIH-HI-CHO ALLIES

ALONG WOLACHEE-SNEZ LONG ANT

ALSO EH-DO ALSO

ALTERNATE NA-KEE-GO-NE-NAN-DEY-HE SECOND POSITION

AMBUSH KHAC-DA AMBUSH

AMMUNITION BEH-ELI-DOH-BE-CAH-ALI-TAS-AI AMMUNITION

AMPHIBIOUS CHAL FROG

AND DO AND

ANGLE DEE-CAHN SLANTING

ANNEX IH-NAY-TANI ADDITION

ANNOUNCE BEH-HA-O-DZE ANNOUNCE

ANTI WOL-LA-CHEE-TSIN ANT ICE

ANTICIPATE NI-JOL-LIH ANTICIPATE

ANY TAH-HA-DAH ANY

APPEAR YE-KA-HA-YA APPEAR

APPROACH BI-CHI-OL-DAH APPROACH

APPROXIMATE TO-KUS-DAN APPROXIMATE

ARE GAH-TSO BIG RABBIT

AREA HAZ-A-GIH AREA

ARMOR BESH-YE-HA-DA-DI-TEH IRON PROTECTOR

ARMY LEI-CHA-IH-YIL-KNEE-IH ARMY

ARRIVE IL-DAY ARRIVE

ARTILLERY BE-AL-DOH-TSO-LANI MANY BIG GUNS

AS AHCE AS

ASSAULT ALTSEH-E-JAH-HE FIRST STRIKER

ASSEMBLE DE-JI-KASH BUNCH TOGETHER

ASSIGN BAH-DEH-TAHN ASSIGN

AT AH-DI AT

ATTACK AL-TAH-JE-JAY ATTACK

ATTEMPT BO-O-NE-TAH (A) TRY

ATTENTION GIHA ATTENTION

AUTHENTICATOR HANI-BA-AH-HO-ZIN KNOW ABOUT

AUTHORIZE BE-BO-HO-SNEE AUTHORIZE

AVAILABLE TA-SHOZ-TEH-IH AVAILABLE

BAGGAGE KLAILH (B) BAGGAGE

BANZAI NE-TAH FOOL THEM

BARGE BESH-NA-ELT BARGE

BARRAGE BESH-BA-WA-CHIND BARRAGE

BARRIER BIH-CHAN-NI-AH IN THE WAY

BASE BIH-TSEE-DIH BASE

BATTERY BIH-BE-AL-DOH-TKA-IH THREE GUNS

BATTLE DA-AH-HI-DZI-TSIO BATTLE

BAY TOH-AH-HI-GHINH BAY

BAZOOKA AH-ZHOL BAZOOKA

BE TSES-NAH BEE

BEACH TAH-BAHN (B) BEACH

BEEN TSES-NAH-NES-CHEE BEE NUT

BEFORE BIH-TSE-DIH BEFORE

BEGIN HA-HOL-ZIZ COMMENCE FROM

BELONG TSES-NAH-SNEZ LONG BEE

BETWEEN BI-TAH-KIZ BETWEEN

BEYOND BILH-LA DI DOWN BELOW

BIVOUAC EHL-NAS-TEH BRUSH SHELTER

BOMB A-YE-SHI EGGS

BOOBY TRAP DINEH-BA-WHOA-BLEHI MAN TRAP

BORNE YE-CHIE-TSAH BORN ELK

BOUNDARY KA-YAH-BI-NA-HAS-DZOH(B) BOUNDARY

BULL DOZER DOLA-ALTH-WHOSH BULL SLEEP

BUNKER TSAS-KA SANDY HOLLOW

BUT NEH-DIH BUT

BY BE-GHA BY

CABLE BESH-LKOH WIRE ROPE

CALIBER NAHL-KIHD MOVE AROUND

CAMP TO-ALTSEH-HOGAN TEMPORARY PLACE

CAMOUFLAGE DI-NES-IH HID

CAN YAH-DI-ZINI CAN

CANNONEER BE-AL-DOH-TSO-DEY-DIL-DON-IGI BIG GUN OPERATOR

CAPACITY BE-NEL-AH CAPACITY

CAPTURE YIS-NAH CAPTURE

CARRY YO-LAILH CARRY

CASE BIT-SAH CASE

CASUALTY BIH-DIN-NE-DEY PUT OUT OF ACTION

CAUSE BI-NIH-NANI CAUSE

CAVE TSA-OND ROCK CAVE

CEILING DA-TEL-JAY SEAL

CEMETARY JISH-CHA AMONG DEVILS

CENTER ULH-NE-IH CENTER

CHANGE THLA-GO-A-NAT-ZAH CHANGE

CHANNEL HA-TALHI-YAZZIE SMALL SINGER

CHARGE AH-TAH-GI-JAH CHARGE

CHEMICAL TA-NEE ALKALI

CIRCLE NAS-PAS CIRCLE

CIRCUIT AH-HEH-HA-DAILH CIRCUIT

CLASS ALTH-AH-A-TEH CLASS

CLEAR YO-AH-HOL-ZHOD CLEAR

CLIFF TSE-YE-CHEE CLIFF

CLOSE UL-CHI-UH-NAL-YAH CLOSE

COAST GUARD TA-BAS-DSISSI SHORE RUNNER

CODE YIL-TAS PECK

COLON NAKI-ALH--DEH-DA-AL-ZHIN TWO SPOTS

COLUMN ALTH-KAY-NE-ZIH COLUMN

COMBAT DA-AH-HI-JIH-GANH FIGHTING

COMBINATION AL-TKAS-EI MIXED

COME HUC-QUO COME

COMMA TSA-NA-DAHL TAIL DROP

COMMERCIAL NAI-EL-NE-HI COMMERCIAL

COMMIT HUC-QUO-LA-JISH COME GLOVE

COMMUNICATION HA-NEH-AL-ENJI MAKING TALK

CONCEAL BE-KI-ASZ-JOLE CONCEAL

CONCENTRATION TA-LA-HI-JIH ONE PLACE

CONCUSSION WHE-HUS-DIL CONCUSSION

CONDITION AH-HO-TAI HOW IT IS

CONFERENCE BE-KE-YA-TI TALK OVER

CONFIDENTIAL NA-NIL-IN KEPT SECRET

CONFIRM TA-A-NEH MAKE SURE

CONQUER A-KEH-DES-DLIN WON

CONSIDER NE-TSA-CAS THINK IT OVER

CONSIST BILH (C) CONSIST

CONSOLIDATE AH-HIH-HI-NIL PUT TOGETHER

CONSTRUCT AHL-NEH TO MAKE

CONTACT AH-HI-DI-DAIL COME TOGETHER

CONTINUE TA-YI-TEH CONTINUE

CONTROL NAI-GHIZ CONTROL

CONVOY TKAL-KAH-O-NEL MOVING ON WATER

COORDINATE BEH-EH-HO-ZIN-NA-AS-DZOH KNOWN LINES

COUNTER ATTACK WOLTAH-AL-KI-GI-JEH COUNTER ACT

COURSE CO-JI-GOH COURSE

CRAFT AH-TOH NEST

CREEK TOH-NIL-TSANH VERY LITTLE WATER

CROSS AL-N-AS-DZOH CROSS

CUB SHUSH-YAHZ CUB

DASH US-DZOH DASH

DAWN HA-YELI-KAHN DAWN

DEFENSE AH-KIN-CIL-TOH DEFENSE

DEGREE NAHL-KIHD DEGREE

DELAY BE-SITIHN DEER LAY

DELIVER BE-BIH-ZIHDE DEER LIVER

DEMOLITION AH-DEEL-TAHI BLOW UP

DENSE HO-DILH-CLA (D) WET

DEPART DA-DE-YAH DEPART

DEPARTMENT HOGAN DEPARTMENT

DESIGNATE YE-KHI-DEL-NEI POINT OUT

DESPERATE AH-DA-AH-HO-DZAH DOWN TO LAST

DETACH AL-CHA-NIL DETACHED

DETAIL BE-BEH-SHA DEER TAIL

DETONATOR AH-DEEL-TAHI (OR) BLOWN UP

DIFFICULT NA-NE-KLAH DIFFICULT

DIG IN LE-EH-GADE DIG IN

DIRECT AH-JI-GO DIRECT

DISEMBARK EH-HA-JAY GET OUT

DISPATCH LA-CHAI-EN-SEIS-BE-JAY DOG IS PATCH

DISPLACE HIH-DO-NAL MOVE

DISPLAY BE-SEIS-NA-NEH DEER IS PLAY

DISPOSITION A-HO-TEY DISPOSITION

DISTRIBUTE NAH-NEH DISTRIBUTE

DISTRICT BE-THIN-YA-NI-CHE DEER ICE STRICT

DO TSE-LE SMALL PUP

DOCUMENT BEH-EH-HO-ZINZ DOCUMENT

DRIVE AH-NOL-KAHL DRIVE

DUD DI-GISS-YAHZIE SMALL DUMMY

DUMMY DI-GISS-TSO BIG DUMMY

EACH TA-LAHI-NE-ZINI-GO (D) EACH

ECHELON WHO-DZAH LINE

EDGE BE-BA-HI EDGE

EFFECTIVE BE-DELH-NEED EFFECTIVE

EFFORT YEA-GO WITH ALL YOUR MIGHT

ELEMENT AH-NA-NAI TROOP REPRESENTING OTHERS

ELEVATE ALI-KHI-HO-NE-OHA ELEVATE

ELIMINATE HA-BEH-TO-DZIL ELIMINATE

EMBARK EH-HO-JAY GET ON

EMERGENCY HO-NEZ-CLA EMERGENCY

EMPLACEMENT LA-AZ-NIL EMPLACEMENT

ENCIRCLE YE-NAS-TEH (E) ENCIRCLE

ENCOUNTER BI-KHANH GO AGAINST

ENGAGE A-HA-NE-HO-TA AGREED

ENGINE CHIDI-BI-TSI-TSINE (E) ENGINE

ENGINEER DAY-DIL-JAH-HE ENGINEER

ENLARGE NIH-TSA-GOH-AL-NEH MAKE BIG

ENLIST BIH-ZIH-A-DA-YI-LAH ENLIST

ENTIRE TA-A-TAH (E) ENTIRE

ENTRENCH E-GAD-AH-NE-LIH MAKE DITCH

ENVELOP A-ZAH-GI-YA ENVELOP

EQUIPMENT YA-HA-DE-TAHI EQUIPMENT

ERECT YEH-ZIHN STAND UP

ESCAPE A-ZEH-HA-GE-YAH ESCAPE

ESTABLISH HAS-TAY-DZAH ESTABLISH

ESTIMATE BIH-KE-TSE-HOD-DES-KEZ ESTIMATE

EVACUATE HA-NA EVACUATE

EXCEPT NEH-DIH (E) EXCEPT

EXCEPT NA-WOL-NE EXPECT

EXCHANGE ALH-NAHL-YAH EXCHANGE

EXECUTE A-DO-NIL EXECUTE

EXPLOSIVE AH-DEL-TAHI (E) EXPLOSIVE

EXPEDITE SHIL-LOH (E) SPEED UP

EXTEND NE-TDALE MAKE WIDE

EXTREME AL-TSAN-AH-BAHM EACH END

FAIL CHA-AL-EIND FAIL

FAILURE YEES-GHIN FAILURE

FARM MAI-BE-HE-AHGAN FOX ARM

FEED DZEH-CHI-YON FEED

FIELD CLO-DIH (F) FIELD

FIERCE TOH-BAH-HA-ZSID AFRAID

FILE BA-EH-CHEZ FILE

FINAL TAH-AH-KWO-DIH THAT IS ALL

FLAME THROWER COH-AH-GHIL-TLID FLAME THROWER

FLANK DAH-DI-KAD FLANK

FLARE WO-CHI LIGHT STREAK

FLIGHT MA-E-AS-ZLOLI FOX LIGHT

FORCE TA-NA-NE-LADI WITHOUT CARE

FORM BE-CHA FORM

FORMATION BE-CHA-YE-LAILH FORMATION

FORTIFICATION AH-NA-SOZI CLIFF DWELLING

FORTIFY AH-NA-SOZI-YAZZIE SMALL FORTIFICATION

FORWARD TEHI LET'S GO

FRAGMENTATION BESH-YAZZIE SMALL METAL

FREQUENCY HA-TALHI-TSO BIG SINGER

FRIENDLY NEH-HECHO-DA-NE FRIENDLY

FROM BI-TSAN-DEHN FROM

FURNISH YEAS-NIL (F) FURNISH

FURTHER WO-NAS-DI FURTHER

GARRISON YAH-A-DA-HAL-YON-IH TAKE CARE OF

GASOLINE CHIDI-BI-TOH GASOLINE

GRENADE NI-MA-SI POTATOES

GUARD NI-DIH-DA-HI GUARD

GUIDE NAH-E-THLAI GUIDE

HALL LHI-TA-A-TA HORSE ALL

HALF TRACK ALH-NIH-JAH-A-QUHE RACE TRACK

HALT TA-AKWAI-I HALT

HANDLE BET-SEEN HANDLE

HAVE JO HAVE

HEADQUARTER NA-HA-TAH-TA-BA-HOGAN HEADQUARTER

HELD WO-TAH-TA-EH-DAHN-OH HELD (PAST TENSE)

HIGH WO-TAH HIGH

HIGH EXPLOSIVE BE-AL-DOH-BE-CA-BIH-DZIL-IGI POWERFUL SHELL

HIGHWAY WO-TAH-HO-NE-TEH HIGH WAY

HOLD WO-TKANH HOLD

HOSPITAL A-ZEY-AL-IH PLACE OF MEDICINE

HOSTILE A-NAH-NE-DZIN NOT FRIENDLY

HOWITZER BE-EL-DON-TS-QUODI SHORT BIG GUN

ILLUMINATE WO-CHI (I) LIGHT UP

IMMEDIATELY SHIL-LOH (I) IMMEDIATELY

IMPACT A-HE-DIS-GOH IMPACT

IMPORTANT BA-HAS-TEH IMPORTANT

IMPROVE HO-DOL-ZHOND IMPROVE

INCLUDE EL-TSOD INCLUDE

INCREASE HO-NALH INCREASE

INDICATE BA-HAL-NEH TELL ABOUT

INFANTRY TA-NEH-NAL-DAHI INFANTRY

INFILTRATE YE-GHA-NE-JEH WENT THROUGH

INITIAL BEH-ED-DE-DLID BRAND

INSTALL EHD-TNAH INSTALL

INSTALLATION NAS-NIL IN PLACE

INSTRUCT NA-NE-TGIN TEACH

INTELLIGENCE HO-YA (I) SMART

INTENSE DZEEL STRENGTH

INTERCEPT YEL-NA-ME-JAH INTERCEPT

INTERFERE AH-NILH-KHLAI INTERFERE

INTERPRET AH-TAH-HA-NE INTERPRET

INVESTIGATE NA-ALI-KA TRACK

INVOLVE A-TAH INVOLVOE

IS SEIS SEVEN

ISLAND SEIS-KEYAH SEVEN ISLAND

ISOLATE BIH-TSA-NEL-KAD SEPERATE

JUNGLE WOH-DI-CHIL JUNGLE

KILL NAZ-TSAID KILL

KILOCYCLE NAS-TSAID-A-KHA-AH-YEH- KILL OIL GO AROUND

HA-DILH

LABOR NA-NISH (L) LABOR

LAND KAY-YAH LAND

LAUNCH TKA-GHIL-ZHOD LAUNCH

LEADER AH-NA-GHAI LEADER

LEAST DE-BE-YAZIE-HA-A-AH LAMB FEAST

LEAVE DAH-DE-YAH HE LEFT

LEFT NISH-CLA-JIH-GOH LEFT

LESS BI-OH (L) LESS

LEVEL DIL-KONH LEVEL

LIAISON DA-A-HE-GI-ENEH KNOW OTHER'S ACTION

LIMIT BA-HAS-AH LIMIT

LITTER NI-DAS-TON (L) SCATTER

LOCATE A-KWE-EH SPOT

LOSS UT-DIN LOSS

MACHINE GUN A-KNAH-AS-DONIH RAPID FIRE GUN

MAGNETIC NA-E-LAHI PICK UP

MANAGE HASTNI-BEH-NA-HAI MAN AGE

MANEUVER NA-NA-O-NALTH MOVING AROUND

MAP KAH-YA-NESH-CHAI MAP

MAXIMUM BEL-DIL-KHON FILL TO TOP

MECHANIC CHITI-A-NAYL-INIH AUTO REPAIRMAN

MECHANIZED CHIDI-DA-AH-HE-GONI FIGHTING CARS

MEDICAL A-ZAY MEDICINE

MEGACYCLE MIL-AH-HEH-AH-DILH MILLION GO AROUND

MERCHANT SHIP NA-EL-NEHI-TSIN-NA-AILH MERCHANT SHIP

MESSAGE HANE-AL-NEH MESSAGE

MILITARY SILAGO-KEH-GOH MILITARY

MILLIMETER NA-AS-TSO-SI-A-YE-DO-TISH DOUBLE MOUSE

MINE HA-GADE MINE

MINIMUM BE-OH (M) MINIMUM

MINUTE AH-KHAY-EL-KIT-YAZZIE LITTLE HOUR

MISSION AL-NESHODI MISSION

MISTAKE O-ZHI MISS

MOPPING HA-TAO-DI MOPPING

MORE THLA-NA-NAH MORE

MORTAR BE-AL-DOH-CID-DA-HI SITTING GUN

MOTION NA-HOT-NAH MOTION

MOTOR CHIDE-BE-TSE-TSEN CAR HEAD

NATIVE KA-HA-TENI NATIVE

NAVY TAL-KAH-SILAGO SEA SOLDIER

NECESSARY YE-NA-ZEHN WANT

NEGATIVE DO-YA-SHO-DA NO GOOD

NET NA-NES-DIZI NET

NEUTRAL DO-NEH-LINI NEUTRAL

NORMAL DOH-A-TA-H-DAH NORMAL

NOT NI-DAH-THAN-ZIE NO TURKEY

NOTICE NE-DA-TAZI-THIN NO TURKEY ICE

NOW KUT NOW

NUMBER BEH-BIH-KE-AS-CHINIGH WHAT'S WRITTEN

OBJECTIVE BI-NE-YEI GOAL

OBSERVE HAL-ZID OBSERVE

OBSTACLE DA-HO-DESH-ZHA OBSTACLE

OCCUPY YEEL-TSOD TAKEN

OF TOH-NI-TKAL-LO OCEAN FISH

OFFENSIVE BIN-KIE-JINH-JIH-DEZ-JAY OFFENSIVE

ONCE TA-LAI-DI ONCE

ONLY TA-EI-TAY-A-YAH ONLY

OPERATE YE-NAHL-NISH WORK AT

OPPORTUNITY ASH-GA-ALIN OPPORTUNITY

OPPOSITION NE-HE-TSAH-JIH-SHIN OPPOSITION

OR EH-DO-DAH-GOH EITHER

ORANGE TCHIL-LHE-SOI ORANGE

ORDER BE-EH-HO-ZINI ORDER

ORDNANCE LEI-AZ-JAH UNDER GROUND

ORIGINATE DAS-TEH-DO BEGIN

OTHER LA-E-CIH OTHER

OUT CLO-DIH OUT SIDE

OVERLAY BE-KA-HAS-TSOZ OVERLAY

PARENTHESIS ATSANH RIB

PARTICULAR A-YO-AD-DO-NEH PARTICULAR

PARTY DA-SHA-JAH PARTY

PAY NA-ELI-YA PAY

PENALIZE TAH-NI-DES-TANH SET BACK

PERCENT YAL MONEY

PERIOD DA-AHL-ZHIN PERIOD

PERIODIC DA-AL-ZHIN-THIN-MOASI PERIOD ICE CAT

PERMIT GOS-SHI-E PERMIT

PERSONNEL DA-NE-LEI MEMBER

PHOTOGRAPH BEH-CHI-MA-HAD-NIL PHOTOGRAPH

PILL BOX BI-SO-DIH-DOT-SAHI-BI-TSAH SICK PIG BOX

PINNED DOWN BIL-DAH-HAS-TANH-YA PINNED DOWN

PLANE TSIDI BIRD

PLASMA DIL-DI-GHILI PLASMA

POINT BE-SO-DE-DEZ-AHE PIG POINT

PONTOON TKOSH-JAH-DA-NA-ELT FLOATING BARREL

POSITION BILH-HAS-AHN POSITION

POSSIBLE TA-HA-AH-TAY POSSIBLE

POST SAH-DEI POST

PREPARE HASH-TAY-HO-DIT-NE PREPARE

PRESENT KUT PRESENT

PREVIOUS BIH-TSE-DIH PREVIOUS

PRIMARY ALTSEH-NAN-DAY-HI-GIH 1ST POSTION

PRIORITY HANE-PESODI PRIORITY

PROBABLE DA-TSI PROBABLE

PROBLEM NA-NISH-TSOH BIG JOB

PROCEED NAY-NIH-JIH GO

PROGRESS NAH-SAI PROGRESS

PROTECT AH-CHANH SELF DEFENSE

PROVIDE YIS-NIL PROVIDE

PURPLE DINL-CHI PURPLE

PYROTECHNIC COH-NA-CHANH FANCY FIRE

QUESTION AH-JAH EAR

QUICK SHIL-LOH QUICK

RADAR ESAT-TSANH (R) LISTEN

RAID DEZJAY RAID

RAILHEAD A-DE-GEH-HI SHIPPING POINT

RAILROAD KONH-NA-AL-BANSI-BI-THIN RAILROAD

RALLYING A-LAH-NA-O-GLALIH GATHERING

RANGE AN-ZAH DISTANCE

RATE GAH-EH-YAHN RABBIT ATE

RATION NA-A-JAH RATION

RAVINE CHUSH-KA (R) RAVINE

REACH IL-DAY (R) REACH

READY KUT (R) READY

REAR BE-KA-DENH (R) REAR

RECEIPT SHOZ-TEH RECEIPT

RECOMMEND CHE-HO-TAI-TAHN RECOMMEND

RECONNAISSANCE HA-A-CIDI INSPECTOR

RECONNOITER TA-HA-NE-AL-YA MAKE SURE

RECORD GAH-AH-NAH-KLOLI R-E-ROPE

RED LI-CHI RED

REEF TSA-ZHIN BLACK ROCK

REEMBARK EH-NA-COH GO IN

REFIRE NA-NA-COH REFIRE

REGULATE NA-YEL-N REGULATE

REINFORCE NAL-DZIL REINFORCE

RELIEF AGANH-TOL-JAY RELIEF

RELIEVE NAH-JIH-CO-NAL-YA REMOVE

REORGANIZE HA-DIT-ZAH REORGANIZE

REPLACEMENT NI-NA-DO-NIL REPLACEMENT

REPORT WHO-NEH GOT WORD

REPRESENTATIVE TKA-NAZ-NILI TRIPLE MEN

REQUEST JO-KAYED-GOH ASK FOR

RESERVE HESH-J-E RESERVE

RESTRICT BA-HO-CHINI RESTRICT

RETIRE AH-HOS-TEEND RETIRE

RETREAT JI-DIN-NES-CHANH RETREAT

RETURN NA-DZAH CAME BACK

REVEAL WHO-NEH (L) REVEAL

REVERT NA-SI-YIZ TURN ABOUT

REVETMENT BA-NAS-CLA (R) CORNER

RIDGE GAH-GHIL-KEID RABBIT RIDGE

RIFLEMAN BE-AL-DO-HOSTEEN RIFLEMEN

RIVER TOH-YIL-KAL MUCH WATER

ROBOT BOMB A-YE-SHI-NA-TAH-IH EGG FLY

ROCKET LESZ-YIL-BESHI SAND BOIL

ROLL YEH-MAS ROLL

ROUND NAZ-PAS (R) ROUND

ROUTE GAH-BIH-TKEEN RABBIT TRAIL

RUNNER NIH-DZID-TEIH RUNNER

SABOTAGE A-TKEL-YAH HINDERED

SABOTEUR A-TKEL-EL-INI TROUBLE MAKER

SAILOR CHA-LE-GAI WHITE CAPS

SALVAGE NA-HAS-GLAH PICK THEM UP

SAT BIH-LA-SANA-CID-DA-HI APPLE SITTING

SCARLET, RED LHE-CHI (S & R) RED

SCHEDULE BEH-EH-HO-ZINI SCHEDULE

SCOUT HA-A-SID-AL-SIZI-GIH SHORT RACOON

SCREEN BESH-NA-NES-DIZI SCREEN

SEAMAN TKAL-KAH-DINEH-IH SEAMAN

SECRET BAH-HAS-TKIH SECRET

SECTOR YOEHI (S) SECTOR

SECURE YE-DZHE-AL-TSISI SMALL SECURITY

SEIZE YEEL-STOD SEIZE

SELECT BE-TAH-HAS-GLA TOOK OUT

SEMI COLON DA-AHL-ZHIN-BI-TSA-NA-DAHL DOT DROP

SET DZEH-CID-DA-HI ELK SITTING

SHACKLE DI-BAH-NESH-GOHZ SHACKLE

SHELL BE-AL-DOH-BE-CA SHELL

SHORE TAH-BAHN (S) SHORE

SHORT BOSH-KEESH SHORT

SIDE BOSH-KEESH SIDE

SIGHT YE-EL-TSANH SEEN

SIGNAL NA-EH-EH-GISH BY SIGNS

SIMPLEX ALAH-IH-NE-TIH INNER WIRE

SIT TKIN-CID-DA-HI ICE SITTING

SITUATE A-HO-TAY (S) SITUATE

SMOKE LIT SMOKE

SNIPER OH-BEHI PICK 'EM OFF

SPACE BE-TKAH BETWEEN

SPECIAL E-YIH-SIH MAIN THING

SPEED YO-ZONS SWIFT MOTION

SPORADIC AH-NA-HO-NEIL NOW AND THEN

SPOTTER EEL-TSAY-I SPOTTER

SPRAY KLESH-SO-DILZIN SNAKE PRAY

SQUADRON NAH-GHIZI SQUASH

STORM NE-OL STORM

STRAFF NA-WO-GHI-GOID HOE

STRAGGLER CHY-NE-DE-DAHE STRAGGLER

STRATEGY NA-HA-TAH (S) STRATEGY

STREAM TOH-NI-LIH RUNNING WATER

STRENGTH DZHEL STRENGTH

STRETCH DESZ-TSOOD STRETCH

STRIKE NAY-DAL-GHAL STRIKE

STRIP HA-TIH-JAH STRIP

STUBBORN NIL-TA STUBBORN

SUBJECT NA-NISH-YAZZIE SMALL JOB

SUBMERGE TKAL-CLA-YI-YAH WENT UNDER WATER

SUBMIT A-NIH-LEH SEND

SUBORDINATE AL-KHI-NAL-DZL HELPING EACH OTHER

SUCCEED YAH-TAY-GO-E-ELAH MAKE GOOD

SUCCESS UT-ZAH IT IS DONE

SUCCESSFUL UT-ZAH-HA-DEZ-BIN IT IS DONE WELL

SUCCESSIVE UT-ZAH-SID SUCCESS SCAR

SUCH YIS-CLEH SOX

SUFFER TO-HO-NE SUFFER

SUMMARY SHIN-GO-BAH SUMMER MARY

SUPPLEMENTARY TKA-GO-NE-NAN-DEY-HE 3RD POSITION

SUPPLY NAL-YEH-HI SUPPLY

SUPPLY SHIP NALGA-HI-TSIN-NAH-AILH SUPPLY SHIP

SUPPORT BA-AH-HOT-GLI DEPEND

SURRENDER NE-NA-CHA SURRENDER

SURROUND NAZ-PAS (S) SURROUND

SURVIVE YIS-DA-YA SURVIVE

SYSTEM DI-BA-TSA-AS-ZHI-BI-TSIN SYSTEM

TACTICAL E-CHIHN TACTICAL

TAKE GAH-TAHN TAKE

TANK CHAY-DA-GAHI TORTOISE

TANK DESTROYER CHAY-DA-GAHI-NAIL-TSAIDI TORTOISE KILLER

TARGET WOL-DONI TARGET

TASK TAZI-NA-EH-DIL-KID TURKEY ASK

TEAM DEH-NA-AS-TSO-SI TEA MOUSE

TERRACE ALI-KHI-HO-NE-OHA (T) TERRACE

TERRAIN TASHI-NA-HAL-THIN TURKEY RAIN

TERRITORY KA-YAH (T) TERRITORY

THAT TAZI-CHA TURKEY HAT

THE CHA-GEE BLUE-JAY

THEIR BIH THEIR

THEREAFTER TA-ZI-KWA-I-BE-KA-DI TURKEY HERE AFTER

THESE CHA-GI-O-EH THE SEE

THEY CHA-GEE (Y) THE Y

THIS DI THE

TOGETHER TA-BILH TOGETHER

TORPEDO LO-BE-CA FISH SHELL

TOTAL TA-AL-SO TOTAL

TRACER BEH-NA-AL-KAH-HI TRACER

TRAFFIC DIAGRAM HANE-BA-NA-AS-DZOH DIAGRAM STORY LINE

TRAIN COH-NAI-ALI-BAHN-SI TRAIN

TRANSPORTATION A-HAH-DA-A-CHA TRANSPORTATION

TRENCH E-GADE TRENCH

TRIPLE TKA-IH TRIPLE

TROOP NAL-DEH-HI TROOP

TRUCK CHIDO-TSO BIG AUTO

TYPE ALTH-AH-A-TEH TYPE

UNDER BI-YAH UNDER

UNIDENTIFIED DO-BAY-HOSEN-E UNIDENTIFIED

UNIT DA-AZ-JAH (U) UNIT

UNSHACKLE NO-DA-EH-NESH-GOHZ UNSHACKLE

UNTIL UH-QUO-HO UNTIL

VICINITY NA-HOS-AH-GIH THERE ABOUT

VILLAGE CHAH-HO-OH-LHAN-IH MANY SHELTER

VISIBILITY NAY-ES-TEE VISIBILITY

VITAL TA-EH-YE-SY VITAL

WARNING BILH-HE-NEH (W) WARNING

WAS NE-TEH WAS

WATER TKOH WATER

WAVE YILH-KOLH WAVE

WEAPON BEH-DAH-A-HI-JIH-GANI FIGHTING WEAPON

WELL TO-HA-HA-DLAY WELL

WHEN GLOE-EH-NA-AH-WO-HAI WEASEL HEN

WHERE GLOE-IH-QUI-AH WEASEL HERE

WHICH GLOE-IH-A-HSI-TLON WEASEL TIED TOGETHER

WILL GLOE-IH-DOT-SAHI SICK WEASEL

WIRE BESH-TSOSIE SMALL WIRE

WITH BILH (W) WITH

WITHIN BILH-BIGIH WITH IN

WITHOUT TA-GAID WITHOUT

WOOD CHIZ FIRE WOOD

WOUND CAH-DA-KHI WOUND

YARD A-DEL-TAHL YARD

ZONE BIH-NA-HAS-DZOH ZONE

 

 

 

 

 

THE MARINE HYMN

 

Jimmy King, a Navajo instructor, translated the Marine Hymn

into Navajo:

 

 

 

We have conquered our enemies Nin hokeh bi-kheh a-na-ih-la

All over the world Ta-al-tso-go na-he-seel-kai

On land and on sea Nih-bi-kah-gi do tah kah-gi

Everywhere we fight Ta-al-tso-go en-da-de-pah

True and loyal to our duty Tsi-di-da-an-ne ne-tay-yah

We are know by that Ay be nihe hozeen

United States Marines Washindon be Akalh Bi-kosi-la

To be one is a great thing. Ji-lengo ba-hozhon

Our flag waves Ni-he da-na-ah-taj ihla

From dawn to setting sun. Yel khol-go e-e-ah

We have fought every place Day-ne tal-al-tso go enta-she-jah

where we could take a gun Tal-tso-go entas-se-pah

From northern lands Ha-kaz dineh-ih be-hay-jah

To southern tropic scenes, Ado ta aokhek-ash-shen

We are known to be tireless Do ni-din-da-hi ol-yeh

The United States Marines Washindon be Akalh-bi Khos

 

 

... THE LAST VERSE IS SUNG LIKE A PRAYER ...

 

 

May we live in peace hereafter Hozo-go nay-yeltay to

We have conquered all our foes, A-na-oh bi-keh de-dlihn

No force in the world we cannot Ni-hi-keh di-dlini ta-etin

conquer,

We know of no fear Yeh-wol-ye hi-he a-din

If the Army and the Navy Sila-go-tsoi do chah-lakai

Ever look on Heaven's scenes, Ya-ansh-go das dez e e

United States Marines will be Washindon be Akalh-bi Kosi la

there Living in peace. Hozo-g-kay-ha-tehn

 

 

3