Oglala Sioux (1868-1939)

     Wished for his people to live a nomadic lifestyle, but tried to accommodate to white ways by attending Carlisle Indian School and encouraging his people to take up farming. Turned away from white culture after witnessing the slaughter of unarmed men, women, and children at Wounded Knee in 1890. Published a book, My Indian Boyhood, in 1933.

 

 

 

     Crow (1849-1932)

     A warrior; but never fought against the white man. Became a chief at only twenty-five years of age. He was one of the first of his people to take up farming and ranching. Was said to have eleven wives, but no children. Willed his land to the American people as a memorial park to the Crow Nation. It is now a museum.

 

 

 

     Suqwamish and Duwamish (1786-1866)

     Seattle was a Christian and an ally of the white man. He agreed to settle the Washington tribes on reservations in 1855. He gave a speech to the governor of Washington Territory in 1853.

 

 

 

     Chiricahua Apache Chief

     (date of birth unknown - 1874)

     Originally acquiesced to the white advance across the Southwest. Turned against the Americans when his people were falsely accused of kidnapping a young boy. Subsequently fought the whites for many years in the Southwest. He and his warriors were legendary for their surprise attacks, uncompromising ruthlessness in pursuit of their own goals, and knowledge of their own land. He died a natural death.

 

 

 

     Gros Ventre Chief (mid-19th century)

 

 

 

     Blackfeet Chief (late 19th century)

     Crowfoot was a hunter and warrior who ceded the land of his people to the Canadian government without realizing what he was doing.

 

 

 

     Oglala Sioux (late 19th century)

     A judge.

 

 

 

     One of the first Indian writers to be widely read by whites. Born in Ontario to a hereditary chief, and became a missionary. Translated religious texts into Ojibwe.

 

 

 

     Ojibwe Methodist Preacher.

 

 

 

     Yankton Sioux (1875-1938)

     Teacher, musician and writer. Educated by Quakers, and taught at Carkisle Indian School in Pennsylvania. Wrote articles for Harper's and Atlantic. Activist in political affairs. Founded Council of American Indians.