Acccording to a report by The Los Angeles Times News Service,a study of 161 prescription and over-the-counter medications showed that 65 of them produced false positive results in the most widely administered urine tests. Ronald Siegel,a psycho-pharmacologist at UCLA said,"The widespread testing and reliance on tell-tale drugs is simply a panic reaction invoked because the normal techniques for controlling drug use haven't worked very well." The next epidemic will be trusting abuse.

*****Pain relievers such as Advil®,Nuprin®,Motrin® and menstrual cramp medications like Midol® and Trendar®. All drugs containing the widely used pain reliever,ibuprofen, are known to cause positive samples for Marijuana. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories like Naproxyn has cross-reacted in blind tests. These are often prescribed for runners, sport injuries to joints,and those suffering from Arthritis.

*****Dristan Nasal Spray, Neosynephrine, Vicks Nasal Spray,Sudafed and others containing ephedrine or phenylpropanolamine. Over the counter appetite suppressants which propranolamine. Most common nasal decongestant can cause a reading for amphetamines; amphetamine false positives are the most common. Recent articles in the Journal of Clinical Chemistry, Vol.38,No.12,1992 and Vol 39, No.3,1993 warn that medications contaning chlopromazine, fluspirilene and others may yield a positive result when tested for ampheta-mines.

*****Vicks Formula 44M containing Dextromethorphan,and Primatene -M containing pyrilamine as well as the pain reliever Demerol,and prescription anti-depressant Elavil® test positive for opiates up to three days. Even quinine water can also cause a positive reading.

�?Nyquil Nighttime Cold Medicine will test positive for Methadone up to two days.
�?Antibiotics. Certain newly developed antibiotics have cause positive samples urine tests. Ampicillin is suspect. Amoxicillin has caused positives for cocaine.

•Diazepam found in Valium, tests positive for PCP as well as the ingredient in some cough medicines, Dextromethorophan.

�?Your own enzymes. A small fraction of the population have excrete large amounts of certain enzymes in their urine which can produce a positive drug test. Dr. John Morgan of the Dept. of Pharmacology of New York City Univ. write: "A false positive test could occur in some individuals because they excrete unusually large amounts of endogenous lysozyme or malate dehydrogenase." Dr. Morgan judges that natural enzyme interference may run as high as 10% of positive samples.

�?Black Skin. This is not a joke! Those of African origin, certain Orientals, or pacific Islanders might test positive for marijuana. Dr. James Woodford, a toxicologist associated with Emory University labs hypothesized pigment melanin which protects the skin from the sun, approximates the molecular structure of the THC metabolite to cross react on the marijuana urine test. Dark skinned Caucasians such as those from the sub-continent of India could also read positive on the marijuana test. The body eliminates some melanin in a dark person's urine sample.

�?Passive marijuana inhalation. If you attend a rock concert or ride in a car where marijuana is smoked nearby, even if you do not partake, the second hand marijuana that you might inhale can give your test a positive result for several days.

ANTIBIOTICS CAUSE FALSE POSITIVES ON HEROIN TEST.

Researchers of Harvard Medical School came across a patient in their practice who tested positive for opiates, and who was also taking an antibiotic called levofloxacin. "The patient was nearly kicked out from a drug treatment center because of the result, which later proved to be false."

Urine tests are unreliable. The public is told that they are scientific. But in operation they can't stand up to scrutiny. Don't trust their results.

A test of the testers conducted by the government's Center for Disease Control in Atlanta found: "...one of thirteen labs given cocaine-spiked urine gave totally correct results. Five of thirteen failed to find the drug in any of 34 spiked samples that each lab received. On the other hand, the labs somehow detected cocaine in as many as 6%, and amphetamines in up to 37% of urine specimens that were 'blank' - those containing no drugs at all."

In the April 26, 1985 edition of the Journal of the American Medical Association, Dr. Hugh Hansen reported shocking results from blind tests conducted for the Center for Disease Control and the National Institute on Drug Abuse. By sending in blind samples spiked with drugs the following results were obtained from samples sent to thirteen labs. FALSE NEGATIVES: Barbiturates best lab 11% error rate, worst lab 94% error rate. Amphetamines 19% to 100%. Methadone 0% to 33%. Cocaine 0% to 100%. Codeine 0% to 100%. Morphine false negative error rate ranged from 0% to 100%.

The range of FALSE POSITIVE error rates were: Barbiturates 0% to 6%. Amphetamines 0% to 37%. Methadone 0% to 66%. Cocaine 0% to 6%. Codeine 0% to 7%. Morphine 0% to 10%. An official for the Center for Disease Control commented, "If these labs dumped the samples down the sink or tossed a coin, they would have come up with the same reliability in their test results." In the May 1987 edition of Laboratory Medicine, Dr. T.P. Moyer of the Mayo Clinic concluded in testing for marijuana on the EMIT test, 15% of the positives would be false.

Who would be more sensitive to drug testing errors than physicians? In the August 22, 1990 volume of the Journal of the American Medical Association, Dr. David Orentlicher draws a distinction between impairment and positive drug tests results. He writes: "It is not clear, however, that adequate justification exists for the use of random urine testing to detect physician impairment from drugs of abuse. ..there may be only a weak correlation between positive urine tests and impairment by drugs."

The November 1992 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine, printed this surprising result. In a survey of 272 Michigan doctors 38 per cent said they didn't believe drug tests were accurate.

Urine testing is less accurate that the lie detector tests that have been banned from the work place. Employers who rush into urine testing, wouldn't dream of giving every worker a lie detector test. Dr. David Greenblatt, Chief of clinical pharmacology at Tufts medical center called the most widely used tests "essentially worthless."

Because many employers do not want to pay the $100 plus lab price for the sophisticated confirmation tests, many falsely accused people are fired, or never hired, rather than retested. BEWARE ! New job applicants are usually given the EMIT(r) test, with no follow up. If you fail, you're not informed. You're are just not hired.

The most basic rule if you take a urine test and it comes back positive is to admit nothing. The prudent person, whatever the circumstances, should insist that a positive test result is impossible.

An employer should be asked the following questions with the clear understanding that if the matter is not dropped and the results expunged from your employment file that you will proceed to exercise your legal rights.

Pertinent questions include: What test was I given? By whom? Was your test sent to another lab? How much time elapsed between the taking of the sample and the test? Could you have a copy of the "chain of custody" - those who had control of your sample at all times? What precautions were taken to insure that you weren't a victim of false positive results? What confirmatory test was taken? By whom?

Remember, if you are a victim of false test results and you lose your job, you may have a million dollar liability suit. Given the information in this pamphlet, what do you think a reasonable jury would decide if you lost your job, your reputation, your standing in your community, because you were forced to take a urine drug test which your employer and testing laboratory knew to be inaccurate? Over the next few years, damage verdicts against employers and laboratories will probably do more than anything else to stop dragnet approach to drug testing.

U.S. District Judge A.J. McNamara of New Orleans forced the Southern Pacific Railroad to stop testing when the company was caught using a video camera. Judge McNamara wrote this is absolutely outrageous conduct when employees are forced to urinate under the direct observation of a camera."

In an important test case, Plainfield, New Jersey officials arrived at a city firehouse at 6:30 AM, locked the doors and urine tested the firefighters. Sixteen of 103 firefighters tested positive, were terminated and criminal charges were filed against them. In the subsequent trial before US District Judge H. Lee Sarokin, the firefighters were reinstated with back pay. Judge Sarokin wrote in his decision:

"The sweeping manner in which the officials set about to accomplish their goals violated the firefighters individual liberties. ..The City of Plainfield essentially presumed the guilt of each person tested."

"If we choose to violate the rights of the innocent in order to discover and act against the guilty, then we have transformed our country into a police state and abandoned one of the fundamental tenets of a free society. In order to win the war on drugs, we must not sacrifice the life of the constitution in the battle."

References: San Diego Reference Laboratory 6122 Nancy Ridge Driveway SanDiego, California 92121 Phone: 1-800-677-7995 Fax: 1-656-677-7998

http://www.sdrl.com

http://www.passdrugtest.com

Phone: 1-877-345-5555 Toll Free Number You can call if you have questions of any kind. Click below and you will be connected to his website.

FROM: Mr. Gregory Gibson Founder and CEO of http://www.passthedrugtest.com