I would really like to measure the long-term damage such as gene mutations in people supplementing with AA ... Just for those interested in what the manufacturer/reseller of AA supplement claims about its action and the underlying molecular mechanism here are some links:
SOURCE:
http://www.dextersportscience.com/products/molecularntr/xfactor.html
QUOTE: The search for the "X" began over a decade ago, when Llewellyn was seeking the missing connection between training and muscle growth. He was looking for the link, the signal, or biochemical event that started the anabolic cascade after the muscle fiber is stimulated and stressed from intense exercise. He dubbed this unknown factor the anabolic "X-Factor", and was determined to find it.
Miraculously, 35,108 hours of intense research and 5,832 published clinical studies later he uncovered the mysterious "X-Factor". The "X-Factor" is a biochemical released from the muscle tissue during intense exercise. This anabolic-response amplification nutrient Llewellyn discovered is called arachidonic acid. This discovery was so significant to muscle building that Llewellyn appropriately named the substance "X-Factor�?, and applied for a U.S. Patent on his work.
X-Factor�?is a powerful muscle building and definition-enhancing supplement that amplifies the muscle’s anabolic response to physical activity. X-Factor�?is the patented bio-chemical - arachidonic acid. By intensifying the release of the body’s main tissue-repair messengers (prostaglandins), X-Factor�?creates a powerful shift in post-exercise physiology, promoting muscle growth, strength increases, muscle endurance, and fat loss. X-Factor is a natural dietary supplement, and was approved a U.S. Patent on January 11, 2005 (# 6,841,573) for the purpose of increasing muscle mass in humans. UNQUOTE.
SOURCE: http://www.bodyconcept.com/family/1438/display.html
QUOTE: Arachidonic acid is considered an "essential" fatty acid because it is an absolute requirement for the proper functioning of the human body. In this case it is vital to the operation of the prostaglandin system. More specifically, it is the base material used by the body to synthesize a key series of hormones referred to collectively as dienolic prostaglandins (the major prostaglandins in mammals4). This includes the prostaglandins PGE2 and PGF2a, which are the primary focus of our investigation. The ability of the body to output normal levels of these prostaglandins is therefore directly dependent of the availability of this fatty acid. This is of crucial importance to the athlete, because among several other important physiological roles, prostaglandins are integral to protein turnover and muscle accumulation. They operate right at the very core of muscle growth, and are responsible for regulating the direct local (muscular) response to physical exercise. UNQUOTE.
SOURCE:
http://www.mysupplementstore.com/xfabymonu.html
QUOTE: To make things a little more difficult for athletes, both animal and human studies show that exercise lowers the content of arachidonic acid in skeletal muscle tissue . One such investigation divided human subjects into exercise and sedentary (inactive) groups, giving both the same standardized diet with an equivalent makeup of fatty acids and arachidonic acid (total food intake varied slightly between groups). The sedentary group noticed about a 5% increase in arachidonic acid concentrations during the course of the study, while the exercise group exhibited a moderate 7-8% depletion of this fatty acid. This was in spite of the fact that the exercise group actually consumed 13% more food on average compared with the sedentary group, which would account for a slightly greater total intake of fatty acids. Since dienolic prostaglandin synthesis is inextricably tied to the amount of available arachidonic acid, lower levels can only result in less arachidonic acid being release with the stretching of eccentric exercise, as well as less muscle-building PGF2a being synthesized to increase muscle protein synthesis. UNQUOTE.
SOURCE:
http://www.anabolicsbook.com/news_story_3.html
QUOTE: X-Factor�?Reduces Inflammatory Marker
Study suggests arachidonic acid may offer health-protecting benefit to exercising individuals.
June 17, 2006: Jupiter, FL.
Researchers at the Exercise & Sports Nutrition Laboratory in Baylor University have concluded their preliminary studies into the effects of arachidonic acid (AA) supplementation (X-Factor�? Molecular Nutrition) on resistance-trained males. Their results were presented at the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) conference this past weekend in Las Vegas Nevada. One facet of this study looked at the effects of AA supplementation on Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a primary regulator of inflammation in the body. Analysis of the data showed that the X-factor group noticed a trend towards significant reductions in serum IL-6 after 50 days of supplementation.
In addition to being a central regulator of inflammation, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the primary stimulus for the hepatic production of C-reactive protein. IL-6 is associated with a number of adverse health conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, autoimmune disorder, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, osteoporosis and cancer. IL-6 is used as a primary serum marker of inflammation, and is an independent predictor of mortality in a number of serious illnesses. A decrease in serum IL-6 may represent a protective effect against systemic inflammation. UNQUOTE. |
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