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CONCENTRATION: focusing the mind on one object or idea so that nothing else exists during the period of concentration.

CONE OF POWER: the force raised from the assembled members of the grove or coven working in the circle for a specific purpose. Some raise power during ritual, then form it into CONE shape & send it out on the world in a magickal spell.

CONJURATION: act of summoning non-physical entities.

CONJURE: to work magic, usually by setting up an altar or central concentration point and focusing the mind by chants, mantras or invocations.

CONSECRATION: 1) A ritual of sanctification or purification. 2) A ritual of dedication. CONTACT: a non-physical being who acts as a guide and instructor.

CORDS OF LIFE: is a Starhawk ritual. Using decorated & colored cords, the purpose is to get an idea of `you reap what you sow.'

CORN DOLLY: a human shaped formed from braided grain (not corn husks) stocks, with grain heads where the head is located. Represents the Mother Earth's fertility. Often made from the last of the harvest...SEE BIDDY.

COVEN: an organized group of Witches and/or Wiccans led by a Priestess, Priest or both, and joined through initiation. Covenstead: the home of the coven. Covendom: is a circle around the Covenstead, traditionally 3 miles across. Latin :VENIRE & COM = together & to come or move. Middle English: COVIN = a group of confederates. Old French : COVINE = group with a single purpose. Traditionally, a coven consists of thirteen females and males. An equal number of men and women is optimum for working purposes.

COVENDOM: the area watched over by a coven.

COVENSTEAD: the meeting place of the coven, also called a temple.

COWAN: unwelcome non-Pagan intruder. Non-craft person, an outsider. Term also used by freemasons to describe the same type of person. a person, not of Wiccan beliefs. It use to refer, as a derogatory term for a `fake' or `gameplayer' Pagan; a FOOL who doesn't know what they are talking about.

COYOTE: a tricky, prankster, perverse or clowning person named after the Nat.Am. `Coyote', who tricks man into learning needed lessons.

CRAFT, THE: the Witches name for the practice of Witchcraft or Wicca craft referring to CRAFT of the Wise Ones. CROMLECH: Welsh word for an uneven structure of stone often used by a grove as a temple.

CRONE: 1) Third aspect of the Mother Goddess. 2) A Witch of 50 or 56 yrs, or post menopause. 3) A term of respect. CRONING, then is the ritual which celebrates a person reaching this status. The Crone Goddess rules from Lughnasadh to Samhain, when the God aspects take over. The male counterpart can be a Sage or Seer depending on tradition.

CROSS-QUARTER DAYS: the traditional Pagan holidays which occur exactly between each Sabbat or seasonal festival; i.e., Candlemas, Beltane, Lammas and Samhain. These are the 4 holidays that fall between the Quarter holidays, see next... they are the midpoints of the season or Quarters & relate to lambing, harvest, planting, & slaughter times. As opposed to Solar dates of QUARTERS, these being the 4 holidays that recognize Solstices & Equinoxes.

CRYSTAL: any of the many types of gems, minerals and rocks, which are used according to their characteristic vibrations or qualities in Earth Magic.

CRYSTAL BALL: though many types of crystal can be bought in sphere (round) form, this term is almost exclusively a reference to the clear quartz type, used for scrying and divination. Its round shape makes it a Goddess symbol, which is why periodic moonbaths will keep it clear of negative energies and enhance its psychic powers. CUP: an altar tool that often looks like a cauldron on a stem. Symbol of the Goddess and fertility; and of the Element Water.

CURSE: a conscious direction of negative energy toward a person, place, or thing.

CYMRY: The Welsh name for the Welsh people.

DAGDYNE: Witch's magickal sewing needle.

DAWNSIO: To dance

DAYS OF POWER: see Sabbat.

DEATH...is reference to the physical body NOT the Soul or Spirit, which is usually believed to go on to another body in the exercise of REINCARNATION.

DEATHING: is the exercise of sitting with a `dying' person as comforter or can be the ritual exercised to ease the soul `over' into its new existence.

DEATH IN SERVICE: meaning service to life; is the natural death such as from illness, old age, child birth, rescue attempts or self sacrifice to help another. BUT does NOT include murder, execution, suicide, war, torture deaths, etc. TO ME...Death is that state of existence consisting of change, evaluation, planning, & forgetting...DenElder

DEDICATION: is like a solemn promise or vow, like dedicating yourself to Wicca before being actually initiated. Pledging yourself, would be a dedication.

DEGREES: this varies between traditions but a DEGREE is a level of expertise recognized by a more adept person. Sometimes these are meaningless, self vanities but usually a 1st Degree person can work in rituals; 2nd Degree maybe could lead the ritual; and 3rd Degree can teach & do initiations. Some groups talk about dozens of Degrees, etc. & other people don't have any but are still just as qualified. It can get VERY confusing! As with most Wicca exercises, the person must ASK to be DEGREED, however I don't know what happens if there is nobody TO ask... Some High Priest/ esses can recite their LINEAGES, that is: `my degree from so & so, who got theirs from so & so', etc. (y) DEHEV--The South

DEMON: non-physical spirit; also called elemental, deva, angel. In Christian mythology this word refers to evil entities who are governed by Satan.

DEOSIL: a clockwise circle, following the Sun and Moon's motion in the sky. It represents positive energy & a building up of, or creation of energy & exercise. Opposite of Widdershins. Standard direction of movement within a ritual area or consecrated circle.

DEVA: angelic or radiant beings having great intelligence. They help guide nature by their understanding of the Divine Plan. The direct energies of nature.

DEVIL: Gypsy word meaning "little god." Christians used the word to describe fallen angels who united with Lucifer. Witches and Pagans do not believe in this Christian deity. (y)

DEWIANATH CYMRY: Welsh Paganism (Witchcraft) predating Christianity

DIANIC TRADITION: 1.) A feminine based craft movement, which rejects the concept of the Male God, concentrating on the worship of the Goddess. Named after Diana, virgin goddess of the hunt; a stem of the Old Religion which has all-female members. 2.) The Old Dianic Tradition. This a particular English tradition of Witchcraft honoring the Goddess Diana. It is a structured tradition and fairly similar to Gardnerian Wicca. Morgan McFarland, Mark Roberts, and Sybil Leek brought this tradition from England. It is called the Old Dianic tradition as opposed to the New Dianic tradition started by Z. Budapest. 3.) The New Dianic Tradition is a particular tradition founded by Z. Budapest and other modern feminists. It has a loose ritual structure, a small core of feminist teachings, and encourages spontaneity among its members. Most covens accept women only, some accept only lesbians, a few accept women and men. 4.) The original tradition of Shan, Clan Mother to the House of the Goddess in London, England. This tradition seems to have used a little of everything in it's formation, but primarily derives most of its teachings from the New Dianic Tradition. In the Dianic Tradition, there is much diversity in ritual and religious practice. Most covens honor the Goddess primarily or exclusively. Quite a few are Goddess Monotheistic.

DISTAFF: ancient spinning implement. In archaic times, it was figuratively said that the Great Goddess sun the Earth and all things from Her distaff. In Nordic and Central European folklore, the line linking the axis of the Earth with the north star was called the distaff.

DIVINATION: magickal method of looking into the future or the past or seeking unknown information through the use of various oracles. 1) the ritual process designed to contact the psychic mind. 2) the magickal act of dicovering the unknown. 3) the act (DIVINING) of contacting the psychic mind by tricking, or drowsing, the Conscious Mind through ritual & observation of, or manipulation of, tools. NOTE: this isn't necessary for those who can easily attain communication with the psychic mind, though they may practice it. 4) The art of connecting with the divine, or to see a situation from a `divine' view. 5) Often inaccurately described as `fortune telling'. 6) Divination is a way to emotionally detach from events in order to see them more clearly. In this way past, present, and future situations can be sorted out and dealt with from a more advantageous perspective. Tools of divination vary widely and can include: Tarot cards, Runes, tea leaves, palms, dice, playing cards, omens seen in natural forms such as birds, fire, water, crystal or glass spheres, clouds, patterns in sand, eggs, entrails, faces and scalp formations, wax, etc.

DIVINE POWER: the Life Force or Energy, which exist in the God and Goddess and the ultimate source of all things.

DOLMEN: ancient structure of stone used as a burial space. Often used by a grove as a place of power.

DONUTTING OR DISSOLVING CLOUDS: This is a mental exercise which purpose is to lay outside on your back, get comfortable, & as a slow moving cloud passes over, `drill' a hole through it to blue sky using mind power.

DOWSER: a person who is adept at using pendulum type devices; often though, it's the Water Dowser that comes to mind, but this is only one aspect.

DRAWING DOWN THE MOON: the bringing of Goddess Power into one's Self, especially during ritual. Physical changes such as voice pitch or aura brilliance can occur.

DRUIDISM or DRUIDRY: one of the several religions which predominated in Gaul and the other Celtic countries from approximately 3000 B.C.E. to approximately 300 C.E. The emphasis was on worship or reverence for the Oak tree and the Mistletoe which grew thereon.

DRUID NEW MOON: six days following the astrological new moon.

DRWY Y NOS CANU: "To sing through the night."

DUALISM: in theology, usually refers to the division of all things divine into two categories, female/male, positive/negative, light/ dark, cold/hot, goddess/god. (Y)

DWYRAIN: The East DYNION MWYN (Dynyn Myn): Gentle Folk

EARTH FAIRIES: four main types which reside on the surface and underground. Surface fairies are tree spirits and garden fairies. Underground fairies are gnomes and rock fairies.

EIDOLON: a wraith or fetch. Witch power formulated into semiintangible human shapes.

EARTH POWER: the manifested Divine Power found in natural things. Can be utilized by magick for needed change.

ECLECTIC: a mixture of beliefs borrowed from various Traditions and Theologies, as opposed to one Tradition or Theology and its set mode of ritual and belief.