Hi Albert, Ca is the concentration of the weak acid and Cb is the concentration of the weak base in the buffer solution (you can use moles rather than molarities in the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for these).
You do have to memorize common weak acids and their conjugate bases such as the acetic acid - acetate pair and ammonium ion - ammonia pair. You add H+ to the formula to get the conjugate acid of a compound, and you remove H+ to get the conjugate base of a compound.
Therefore, the conjugate acid of ammonia, NH3, is obtained by adding H+, which gives NH4+, the ammonium ion.
The conjugate base of acetic acid, HC2H3O2, is obtained by removing H+, which gives C2H3O2�?/SUP>, the acetate ion.
Steve
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