The symbolic color system was as follows:

East = red = success; triumph
North  = blue = defeat; trouble
West  = black = death
South  = white = peace; happiness


The Red Man, living in the East, is the spirit of power, triumph, and success.
The Black Man, in the West, is the spirit of death. The shaman would invoke the
Red Man to the assistance of his patient and consign his enemy to the fatal
influences of the Black Man. According to Thomas Mails, in his book, "Cherokee
People," the mythological significance of different colors were important in
Cherokee lore.

Red
Red was symbolic of success. It was the color of the war club used to strike an
enemy in battle as well as the other club used by the warrior to shield himself.
Red beads were used to conjure the red spirit to insure long life, recovery from
sickness, success in love and ball play or any other undertaking where the
benefit of the magic spell was wrought.

Black
Black was always typical of death. The soul of the enemy was continually beaten
about by black war clubs and enveloped in a black fog. In conjuring to destroy
an enemy, the priest used black beads and invoked the black spirits- which
always lived in the West,-bidding them to tear out the man's soul and carry it
to the West, and put it into the black coffin deep in the black mud, with a
black serpent coiled above it.

Blue
Blue symbolized failure, disappointment, or unsatisfied desire. To say "they
shall never become blue" expressed the belief that they would never fail in
anything they undertook. In love charms, the lover figuratively covered himself
with red and prayed that his rival would become entirely blue and walk in a blue
path. "He is entirely blue," approximates meaning of the common English phrase,
"He feels blue." The blue spirits lived in the North.

White
White denoted peace and happiness. In ceremonial addresses, as the Green Corn
Dance and ball play, the people symbolically partook of white food and, after
the dance or game, returned along the white trail to their white houses. In love
charms, the man, to induce the woman to cast her lost with his, boasted, "I am a
white man," implying that all was happiness where he was. White beads had the
same meaning in bead conjuring, and white was the color of the stone pipe
anciently used in ratifying peace treaties. The White spirits lived in the
South.

There are three additional sacred directions:

Up Above = yellow
Down Below = brown
Here in the Center = green



Cherokee Color Words
black: gv-ni-ge
blue: sa-go-ne-ge
brown: u-wo-di-ge
gray: u-s-go-lv sa-go-ni-ge
green: i-tse-i-yu-s-di
orange: a-da-lo-ni-ge
yellow: da-lo-ni-ge
red: gi-ga-ge
purple: gi-ga-ge-s-di
pink: gi-ga-ge-i-yu-s-di
white: u-ne-ga
silver: a-de-lv-u-ne-gv