Abenakis
     The Abenaki people have been native New Englanders for thousands of years,
     but are still looking for recognition from their neighbors.

Alabamas
     The people who gave their name to the state of Alabama, the Alabamas have merged
     politically with their allies the Coushattas.

Algonquins
     Often confused with other Indian tribes known as "Algonquians," the Algonquins
     live in the modern Ontario/Quebec area of Canada.

Arapahos
     The Arapahos were originally farming people, but once horses were introduced
     to the Americas, they began to follow the buffalo herds like the Cheyennes and Sioux.

Arikaras
     Devastated by epidemics, the Arikara tribe has merged with their neighbors the Mandans and Hidatsas.

Atikameks
     The Atikamekw are a small, traditional tribe that still speaks their native language
     and lives off the land.

Beothuks
     The Beothuks or "Red Indians" were the original inhabitants of Newfoundland, Canada.
     Tragically, they died out in the 1800's.

Blackfoot
     Four tribes make up this powerful Plains Indian nation: the Blackfoot (Blackfeet) in
     Montana and the Siksika, Piikani, and Kainai in Canada.

Caddos
     Original people of Texas, the Caddo Indians barely survived a terrible smallpox
     epidemic in the 16th century.

Calusas
     Although the Calusa Indians of southern Florida were not agricultural people, they built
     technologically advanced cities with windbreaks, seawalls, piers, and canal systems.

Catawbas
     The Catawba were one of the few southeastern Indian tribes not deported to Oklahoma,
     and they have preserved their native pottery-making traditions among other customs.

Cayugas
     Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Cayuga tribe are original inhabitants
     of upstate New York.

Cherokees
     Original people of the American Southeast, most Cherokees were forcibly deported to
     Oklahoma along the infamous Trail of Tears.

Cheyennes
     Plains Indians who depended on the buffalo for survival, the Cheyennes have survived
     several American massacres.

Chickasaws
     The Chickasaws were one of several Southeast Indian tribes forced to move to Oklahoma
     along the Trail of Tears.

Chippewas
     Also known as the Ojibway, Ojibwe, or Ojibwe, the Chippewa tribe are one of the largest
     and most powerful nations.

Choctaws
     Despite losing their homes in the infamous Trail of Tears, the Choctaw Indians gave what
     they had to help Irish famine victims in the 1800's, and are still admired by Irish people today.

Coushattas
     Also known as the Koasatis, the Coushattas have merged politically with their allies
     the Alabamas.

Creeks
     Also known as the Muskogees, the Creeks were one of the most important tribes of the
     American southeast, but most of them were forced to relocate to Oklahoma in the 1800's.

Crees
     The Cree are one of the largest native groups in North America and have had a major impact
     on Canadian history.

Crows
     The Crow are a northern Plains tribe, famous for their expert horsemanship and especially long hair.

Gros Ventres
     The Gros Ventre were kinfolk of the Arapaho, and called themselves A'aninin, the White Clay People.

Hochunks/Winnebagos
     Unlike other Siouan tribes, the Hochunks never gave up their farming villages in favor of a migratory life.

Hurons/Wyandots
     The Wyandots, who lived on both sides of the modern US-Canadian border, were an important trading tribe.

Illini
     The state of Illinois was named after the Illini Indians, who were nearly wiped out by war in the 1700's.

Innus
     The Montagnais and Naskapi have different tribal names but consider themselves part of the same
     culture, Innu.

Iroquois
     The powerful Iroquois Confederacy was known for their war prowess, but also for their government, which
     was one of the examples of representative democracy used as a model by America's founding fathers.

Kickapoos
     Fiercely independant, many Kickapoo people fled all the way to Mexico rather than surrender to
     the Americans.

Lenni Lenape
     The Lenape or Delawares are considered by many Indians to be the eldest

 

Algonquian tribe.
Lumbees
     The Lumbees are the descendants of the Carolina Indians who helped the Roanoake Colony.

Maliseets
     The Maliseet people are original residents of the Canadian Maritimes. They are renowned
     for their beadwork and artistry.

Menominees
     Original people of Wisconsin, the Menominee tribe is named after their staple food, wild rice.

Miamis
     The Miami Indians lived not in Florida, but in the Midwest: Indiana, Illinois and Ohio.

Miccosukees
     One of the tribes that made up the powerful Seminole alliance, the Miccosukees were
     original people of southern Georgia and northern Florida, but retreated into the Everglades
     when the Americans attacked them.

Micmacs
     The Micmac (or Mi'kmaq) people still live in their original homeland in Nova Scotia today,
     where they are fighting for the right to fish and hunt as their ancestors used to.

Mohawks
     Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Mohawk tribe are original inhabitants
     of upstate New York.

Mohegans
     Frequently confused with the Mohicans due to a poorly-researched literary classic, the Mohegan
     people consist of many originally independent tribes including the Pequots and Montauks.

Mohicans
     Frequently confused with the Mohegans due to a poorly-researched literary classic, the Mohican
     tribe was not driven to extinction, merely exiled to Wisconsin.

Munsee
     The Munsee people were original inhabitants of Long Island and New York State, but were
     driven to Wisconsin and Ontario by colonial expansion.

Nanticokes
     The Nanticoke people were known for their sympathy to escaped slaves, many of whom they sheltered.

Oneidas
     Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Oneida tribe are original inhabitants of upstate
     New York.

Onondagas     Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Onondaga tribe are original inhabitants of upstate
     New York.

Ottawas
     The native nation Canada's capital city was named for, the Ottawas are kinfolk of the Ojibways.

Passamaquoddies
     The Passamaquoddy people are original residents of Maine, where they still live today.

Penobscot
     The Penobscot people are original residents of Maine, where they still live today.

Potawatomi
     The Potawatomi were traditionally the fire-keepers in the powerful Three Fires alliance of Indians.

Powhatans
     The Powhatan Confederacy is most famous for being the tribe of the real Pocahontas,
     but they were also a powerful empire controlling most of Virginia.

Sac and Fox
     These two tribes allied in the 1700's, when the Sac protected their kinfolk the Fox
     from a French attempt to wipe them out. Many still live together today.

Seminoles
     The Seminole Nation was originally a confederation of several different southeastern tribes,
     and were also influenced by the many escaped African slaves who joined them for
     protection. Today the Seminoles are a united tribe.

Senecas
     Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Seneca tribe are original inhabitants of
     upstate New York.

Shawnees
     The nomadic Shawnee tribe had settlements from New York State to Georgia, but were
     rejoined into one tribe when the US government deported them to Oklahoma together.

Tuscaroras
     Originally from the American Southeast, the Tuscaroras moved north after the British took over
     to join the powerful Iroquois Confederacy.

Wabanakis
     The Wabanaki Confederacy was a powerful alliance of east-coast Indian tribes.

Wampanoag
     The Native Americans who shared in the first Thanksgiving feast, the Wampanoag tribe
     met a sad fate at the hands of the English.

Yiyots
     The Wiyots are northern California Indians who were tragically massacred during the Gold Rush era.
     Only a few Wiyot descendants remain today, merged with Yurok and Hupa neighbors.

Yuchis
     Though the US government considers the Yuchi people part of the Creek tribe, they have always
     been politically independent of the Creeks and have a unique culture all their own.

Yuroks
     Kinfolk of the Wiyot, the two peoples have nearly merged after ethnic violence against them in the 1800's.